Kevin J. Carrabine, PE, PMPSenior Project Manager, Limerick Generating StationExelon Generation Company, LLC
Total Units: 17 operational, 4 retired.
•(IL) Byron, Braidwood, Clinton, Dresden, LaSalle, Quad Cities, Zion•(PA) Limerick, Peach Bottom, TMI-1•(NJ) Oyster Creek
Total fleet output: ~20% of commercial nuclear
Exelon spent fuel pools were never designed to
accommodate all of the assemblies we will discharge over the life of the plants. Exelon Generation Company, LLC
The Numbers (continued)• Total fleet discharge projections (assuming all units
•~115,000 assemblies• ~25,000 MTU•~2,200 transport systems
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DOE will not begin operations at a federal repository before
DOE will accept fuel at rates outlined by the 1998 Viability
Assessment Study rate (seen elsewhere) of 400, 600, 1200, 2000, and 3000 MTU/yr during the first five years of operation, and 3,000 MTU/yr beyond the fifth year.
Under this scenario, we will have to build on-site,
independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) at each of our sites to maintain full-core discharge reserve (FCDR).
Exelon operating principles include maintaining FCDR at all
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• We have developed a number of management models to
calculate our anticipated future costs for storing spent fuel on our sites until DOE accepts for disposal.
• The cost impact of dry cask storage installations fall in two categories:
•Expenses incurred for dry cask storage during the operational lives of the units•Expenses incurred post-retirement to maintain the plant until DOE completes all
Estimated costs (nominal dollars):
•Operational expenses - $25-30 million for ISFSI infrastructure, $5-6 million/yr
dual-unit site for cask loading campaigns
•Post retirement operations and maintenance expenses incurred beyond the
normal decommissioning schedule – decommissioning delays of 5 to 25 years at $15 million/yr dual-unit site
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Exelon’s management strategy is to ship all spent fuel to the permanent repository by rail
Exelon’s policy is to minimize the handling of spent fuel
•Use dual-purpose (storage and transportation) dry cask storage systems at all
•Use largest payload systems available, compatible with infrastructure
Exelon Generation Company, LLC Loss of FCDR Exelon Generation Company, LLC Exelon Generation Company, LLC Exelon Generation Company, LLC
•How can you take the spent fuel out of the water? Is that safe?•Why don’t you shut the plant down now to avoid making more waste?•What are the health risks? I hear the cancer rate will increase. •How will my property value be affected?•How do you protect the ISFSI from attack?•How does the spent fuel get from Limerick to this Yucca Mountain?
Exelon Generation Company, LLC
Public outreach must be active & continuous
•Cannot begin early enough•Use of Community Advisory Panel•Mailings to townships within Emergency Planning Zone•Table-top models of ISFSI system•Brochures to leave as “take-aways” at community gatherings
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International Federation of Sleddog Sports LIST OF PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES AND PROHIBITED METHODS FOR DOGS As of January 1st, 2012 § 1. SUBSTANCES AND METHODS PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES ( IN - and OUT-OF- COMPETITION ) 1 A. Substances, belonging to the following groups, whose use¹ and/or presence in a Dog’s sample are prohibited at all times¹ (Article 2 of the IF
The Journal of Arthroplasty Vol. 24 No. 8 2009Nobuhiko Sugano, MD, PhD,* Hidenobu Miki, MD,y Nobuo Nakamura, MD, PhD,zMasaharu Aihara, MD,§ Kengo Yamamoto, MD,O and Kenji Ohzono, MD, PhD§Abstract: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of mechanical thromboprophylaxis after elective hipsurgery, we reviewed 3016 patients who underwent hip surgery at 5 centers. Primary total hiparthroplasty (THA), r
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