Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority (see Glossary)
actual acid sulfate soil (see Glossary)
Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Amateur Fishermen’s Association of the Northern Territory
Australian Fisheries Management Authority
acid gas removal unit (see Glossary)
as low as reasonably practicable (see Glossary)
activated methyldiethanolamine (see Glossary)
Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council
Asia-Pacific Applied Science Associates, Australian-based representatives of the international ASA group, specialist providers of marine model ing services for environmental and engineering assessment
Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Limited
Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service
Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand
(joint) Australian and New Zealand standard
(joint) Australian, New Zealand and International Organization for Standardization standard
benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (see Glossary)
circa (Latin = “about”, “approximately”)
carbon (dioxide) capture and storage (see Glossary)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
construction environmental management plan
colony-forming unit (see Glossary)
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (signed at Bonn in
Germany in 1979 and also known as the “Bonn Convention”)
Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies
Carbon Pol ution Reduction Scheme (see Glossary)
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Centre for Whale Research (Western Australia) Inc.
(Commonwealth) Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
(Northern Territory) Department of Business and Employment, formerly the Department of Business, Economic and Regional Development
(Northern Territory) Department of Business, Economic and Regional Development, now the Department of Business and Employment
(Commonwealth) Department of Climate Change
(Northern Territory) Department of the Chief Minister
(Western Australia) Department of Environment and Conservation
(New South Wales) Department of Environment and Climate Change
(Northern Territory) Department of Employment, Education and Training, now the Department of Education and Training
(United Kingdom) Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
(Commonwealth) Department of the Environment and Heritage, now the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
(Northern Territory) Department of Education and Training, formerly the Department of Employment, Education and Training
(Commonwealth) Department of the Environment and Water Resources, now the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
(Commonwealth) Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, formerly the Department of the Environment and Heritage and the Department of the Environment and Water Resources
(Northern Territory) Department of Health and Community Services, now the Department of Health and Families
(Northern Territory) Department of Health and Families, formerly the Department of Health and Community Services
(Northern Territory) Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Environment, now (for environmental matters) the Department of Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport
(Commonwealth) Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources, now (for resources matters) the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism
(Northern Territory) Department of Lands and Planning
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
(Northern Territory) Department of Resources, formerly the Department of Regional Development, Primary Industry, Fisheries and Resources
(Northern Territory) Department of Planning and Infrastructure, now the Department of
Lands and Planning and the Department of Construction and Infrastructure
(Northern Territory) Department of Regional Development, Primary Industry, Fisheries and
Resources, now the Department of Resources
(Commonwealth) Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism
effect concentration 10% (see Glossary)
effect concentration 50% (see Glossary)
exclusive economic zone (see Glossary)
Earth Sciences and Surveying, an international group of companies engaged, inter alia, in
providing earth science and oceanographic services
Environment, Heritage and the Arts Division (of the Northern Territory’s Department of Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport)
environmental impact statement (see Glossary)
environmental (impact) identification (see Glossary)
(Northern Territory) Environment Protection Authority
(United States) Environmental Protection Agency
(Western Australia) Environmental Protection Authority
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth)
environmental review and management program
Environmental Risk Solutions Pty Ltd, an Australian health, safety and environmental consulting and training firm
emissions trading scheme (see Glossary)
European Union Emissions Trading Scheme Phase II
front-end engineering design (see Glossary)
final investment decision (see Glossary)
floating production, storage and offtake (vessel or facility) (see Glossary)
an international professional services company, GHD Pty Ltd (formerly known as Gutteridge Haskins & Davey Pty Ltd)
geographic information system (see Glossary)
global positioning system (see Glossary)
global warming potential (see Glossary)
Highest Astronomical Tide (see Glossary)
hazard identification (see Glossary)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
hazard and operability (analysis) (see Glossary)
Harmonised Offshore Chemical Notification Format
inhibition concentration 50% (see Glossary)
Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia (IMCRA v. 4.0, 2006)
Interim Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia (IMCRA v. 3.3, 1998)
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
Integrated Managed Services Pty Ltd, a Western Australian company offering people
management services to heavy engineering construction projects
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
International Programme on Chemical Safety
International Organization for Standardization
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
job hazard analysis (see Glossary)
kilometre point (measures in kilometres along the gas export pipeline, starting at the Ichthys Field and ending at the pipeline shore crossing on Middle Arm Peninsula in Darwin Harbour)
noise level is the noise level in A-weighted decibels (dB(A)) which, measured as an
value, is exceeded for more than 10% of a specified period.
noise level is the noise level in A-weighted decibels (dB(A)) which, measured as an
value, is exceeded for more than 90% of a specified period
Lowest Astronomical Tide (see Glossary)
lethal concentration 50% (see Glossary)
liquefied natural gas (see Glossary)
lowest-observable-effect concentration (see Glossary)
liquefied petroleum gas(es) (see Glossary)
International Convention for the Prevention of Pol ution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78)
Ministerial Council on Mineral and Petroleum Resources
monoethylene glycol (see Glossary)
Monterey–Miami Parabolic Equation (a model ing program for underwater acoustics)
Monash Multi-Regional Forecasting (a model ing program for simulating the regional and national economic impacts of an Australian project etc.)
the notation for values of surface-wave magnitude (a magnitude scale for earthquakes)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
national environment protection measure(s)
National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting System
National Health and Medical Research Council
National Introduced Marine Pests Coordination Group
National Ocean Disposal Guidelines for Dredged Material
no-observable-effect concentration (see Glossary)
natural y occurring radioactive material(s) (see Glossary)
(Northern Territory) Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts, now the
Department of Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport
(Northern Territory) Department of Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport,
formerly the Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council
Northern Territory Industry Capability Network
nephelometric turbidity unit (see Glossary)
Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (Environment) Regulations 2009 (Cwlth)
Oslo and Paris (Commission or Convention)
potential acid sulfate soil (see Glossary)
logarithmic index for the hydrogen ion concentration in an aqueous solution as a measure of acidity or alkalinity (see Glossary)
(air-pol uting) particulate matter with diameters less than 10 μm
(air-pol uting) particulate matter with diameters less than 2.5 μm
polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride
octanol–water partition coefficient (see Glossary)
P(SL)(MoE) Regulations Petroleum (Submerged Lands) (Management of Environment) Regulations 1999 (Cwlth)PTS
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
Power and Water Corporation (of the Northern Territory)
Parks and Wildlife Service of the Northern Territory
an international consultancy providing, inter alia, environmental management services
synthetic-based mud (see Glossary)
statistical division (of the Australian Bureau of Statistics)
“Scientific and Environmental ROV Partnership using Existing iNdustrial Technology”
Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Limited, an international engineering, sciences and project delivery
suspension peroxide oxidation combined acidity and sulfate
statistical subdivision (of the Australian Bureau of Statistics)
SVT Engineering Consultants, a Perth-based consultancy specialising in acoustics, vibration and corrosion
The Air Pol ution Model (a CSIRO model ing program for the prediction of air quality)
total Kjeldahl nitrogen (see Glossary)
Top End Regional Organisation of Councils
Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act (NT)
temporary threshold shift (see Glossary)
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
URS Australia Pty Ltd, the Australian arm of an international multidisciplinary engineering design and environmental services consultancy, and formerly known in Australia as Dames & Moore
(United States) Environmental Protection Agency
volatile organic compound(s) (see Glossary)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
(in carbon chain notation) a carbon compound with five carbon atoms, usual y in a chain
(C H ) Sn group the chemical group forming the basis of tributyltin compounds (TBTs)
carbon dioxide equivalent (see Glossary)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
Abbreviations and symbols for units of measurementThe units of measurement used in the Ichthys Gas Field Development Project: draft environmental impact statement are, in the main, those recommended by the International System of Units (SI). They also, however, include the following:• non-SI units that are based on the SI and are retained because of their practical importance (e.g. hectare, litre
• non-SI units that are recognised as having to be retained because of their practical importance (e.g. day, hour,
• various other non-SI units or specialist units in combination with SI units (e.g. decibel and parts per mil ion)
• non-SI units widely used in the oil & gas industry (e.g. British thermal unit and mil ion barrels).
British thermal unit (see Glossary)
centi- (SI prefix = 0.01, or 10–2, or one-hundredth)
colony-forming unit(s) per 100 mil ilitres (see Glossary)
decibel (“A” weighting) (see Glossary)
sound pressure level with reference to one micropascal
sound pressure level with reference to one micropascal at the standard reference distance of one metre from the acoustic centre of the source
sound pressure level with reference to one micropascal root mean square
giga- (SI prefix = 1 000 000 000, or 109, or one thousand mil ion)
cubic gigametre(s) (or thousand mil ion cubic metres)
kilo- (SI prefix = 1000, or 103, or one thousand)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
mega- (SI prefix = 1 000 000, or 106, or one mil ion)
cubic megametre(s) (or mil ion cubic metres)
mil i- (SI prefix = 0.001, or 10–3, or one-thousandth)
mil igram(s) per square centimetre per day
micro- (SI prefix = 0.000 001, or 10–6, or one-mil ionth)
microgram(s) per square centimetre per day
nano- (SI prefix = 0.000 001, or 10–9, or one thousand-mil ionth)
normal cubic metre (the volume of gas under standard conditions)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
nephelometric turbidity unit (see Glossary)
peta – (SI prefix = 1 000 000 000 000 000, or 1015, or one thousand mil ion mil ion)
easurement
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
Abbreviations a nd U nits o f M easurement
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
Abstract —Cyberterrorism represents the convergence of the Targeting critical ICT infrastructure and resources as virtual world of cyberspace and the intimidation techniques of terrorism. To better understand why cyber terrorist acts are committed, this paper investigates the motivation behind Cyberterrorism can be examined from two perspectives: the terrorism by looking
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Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority (see Glossary)
actual acid sulfate soil (see Glossary)
Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Amateur Fishermen’s Association of the Northern Territory
Australian Fisheries Management Authority
acid gas removal unit (see Glossary)
as low as reasonably practicable (see Glossary)
activated methyldiethanolamine (see Glossary)
Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council
Asia-Pacific Applied Science Associates, Australian-based representatives of the international ASA group, specialist providers of marine model ing services for environmental and engineering assessment
Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Limited
Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service
Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand
(joint) Australian and New Zealand standard
(joint) Australian, New Zealand and International Organization for Standardization standard
benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (see Glossary)
circa (Latin = “about”, “approximately”)
carbon (dioxide) capture and storage (see Glossary)
Ichthys Gas Field Development Project | Draft Environmental Impact Statement
construction environmental management plan
colony-forming unit (see Glossary)
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (signed at Bonn in
Germany in 1979 and also known as the “Bonn Convention”)
Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies
Carbon Pol ution Reduction Scheme (see Glossary)
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Centre for Whale Research (Western Australia) Inc.