Microsoft word - 982-983

PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FROM THE PHENOL
Annagiev M.Kh.*, Bayramov S.S., Alidzhanova S.M.
Institute of Chemical Problems named after academician M.F. Nagiyev of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan 340143, 42 143. Baku-143, H. Javid avenue, 29 Fax: (99412) 5108593 E-mail annagiyev@gmail.com At the present time, the growth of toxic polyutanta - phenol in the environment due to air dumping of petrochemical refineries companies producing of different substances and other organizations. It is known that phenol - a dangerous poison because it adversely affects on the health, causes the various diseases of living organisms. The problem of purification of air and industrial waste water from phenol is one of the most important and also difficult to solution. Despite the many developments in cleaning the environment from phenol pollution this problem can not be solved [1-3]. It should be noted that at the oil refining the toxic substances including the volatile phenols with high concentration are formed. There are various methods of cleaning the air from volatile phenols and waste water from dissolved phenol. By using the various organic and inorganic sorbents it was possible to remove Fig.1. Derivatogram of natural diatomite after these admixtures from the flow of air and waste waters. Effective sorbents based on available, cheap, heat and acid proof diatomite and bentonites from Absheron field by processing them with nitrogen containing organic substances are formed. When studying the adsorption of phenol on the natural bentonite and diatomite samples it was found that the number of adsorbed molecules on their surface is not great. The processing the samples by organic reagents greatly increases their adsorption properties with respect to phenol molecules. It was found that bentonite adsorbs phenol from the air and waste water significantly better than diatomite. We have studied the adsorption of phenol on the natural and modified forms of diatomites and sorbents on the base of bentonite. The amount of physical and chemical adsorption of phenol by methods of derivatography and spectrophotometry derivatography it was found that on sorbents surface there are a number of adsorption centers Fig. 2. Derivatogram of natural bentonite after with respect to the molecules of phenol which effect with maximum temperature at the 4000C diatomite surface at dioxide adsorption by appear on the DTA curve of heated bentonite with derivatography method the concentration and adsorbed phenol molecules. But on the DTG strength of active and adsorptive centers on the curve of this bentonite there are minimum at outer and inner surface of samples are researched. temperatures of 140, 340, 4400C, that show on the change of speed of mass loss. As can be seen from after adsorption of phenol molecules on its surface the TG curve of mass loss equals to 10-12%. were recorded. On the DTA curve there are three Conclusions
temperatures at 120, 360, and 4200C, and one We have showed that the concentration of the basic centers on the outer surface is smaller than on the inner one. In determining the strength of basic centers on the outer surface of the desorption of physically adsorbed molecules of diatomite samples it has been established that phenol from the surface. It should be noted that there are several types of strong centers, which are the critical diameter of phenol (dkr = 6.6 Å) does actively involved in the process of purification of not allow it penetrating into the bulk of diatomite. air and liquids from phenol. The method of Adsorption occurs only on its outer surface. The regeneration of used adsorbents from phenol has appearance of endothermic effect on DTA with been developed. These sorbents are encouraged to temperature maximum at 120, 360, 4200C is use at the cleaning of the flow of air and waste indicative of the existence of the surface low, medium and strong basic centers differing from each other on energy. Exothermic effect at 4600C References
characterizes the oxidation of phenol molecules 1. Annagiev MH Adsorbents based on natural on the outer surface of the sorbent. The minimum zeolite in the adsorption of various gases and on the DTA curve at 1800C shows that there is a change in the speed of desorption of phenol from 2. Annagiev M.Kh., Alieva S.G., Kuliev T.N. Purification of the waste liquid hydrocarbons using cation exchanged forms of clinoptilolite / / Absheron field after the adsorption of phenol Stnd. surf. sci. catal., 2001; 135: 5170-5186. molecules are presented in figure 2. One 3. Ya.A. Karelin, IA Popova, Yevseyeva LA endothermic effect at 1400C and one exothermic Waste water refineries. M. Stroy ¬ izdat 1982.

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