PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FROM THE PHENOL Annagiev M.Kh.*, Bayramov S.S., Alidzhanova S.M.
Institute of Chemical Problems named after academician M.F. Nagiyev
of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan 340143, 42 143. Baku-143, H. Javid avenue, 29
Fax: (99412) 5108593 E-mail annagiyev@gmail.com
At the present time, the growth of toxic
polyutanta - phenol in the environment due to air
dumping of petrochemical refineries companies
producing of different substances and other
organizations. It is known that phenol - a
dangerous poison because it adversely affects on
the health, causes the various diseases of living
organisms. The problem of purification of air and
industrial waste water from phenol is one of the
most important and also difficult to solution.
Despite the many developments in cleaning the
environment from phenol pollution this problem
can not be solved [1-3]. It should be noted that at
the oil refining the toxic substances including the
volatile phenols with high concentration are
formed. There are various methods of cleaning the
air from volatile phenols and waste water from
dissolved phenol. By using the various organic
and inorganic sorbents it was possible to remove
Fig.1. Derivatogram of natural diatomite after
these admixtures from the flow of air and waste
waters. Effective sorbents based on available,
cheap, heat and acid proof diatomite and
bentonites from Absheron field by processing
them with nitrogen containing organic substances
are formed. When studying the adsorption of
phenol on the natural bentonite and diatomite samples it was found that the number of adsorbed molecules on their surface is not great. The processing the samples by organic reagents greatly increases their adsorption properties with respect to phenol molecules. It was found that bentonite adsorbs phenol from the air and waste
water significantly better than diatomite.
We have studied the adsorption of phenol
on the natural and modified forms of diatomites
and sorbents on the base of bentonite. The amount
of physical and chemical adsorption of phenol by
methods of derivatography and spectrophotometry
derivatography it was found that on sorbents
surface there are a number of adsorption centers
Fig. 2. Derivatogram of natural bentonite after
with respect to the molecules of phenol which
effect with maximum temperature at the 4000C
diatomite surface at dioxide adsorption by
appear on the DTA curve of heated bentonite with
derivatography method the concentration and
adsorbed phenol molecules. But on the DTG
strength of active and adsorptive centers on the
curve of this bentonite there are minimum at
outer and inner surface of samples are researched.
temperatures of 140, 340, 4400C, that show on the
change of speed of mass loss. As can be seen from
after adsorption of phenol molecules on its surface
the TG curve of mass loss equals to 10-12%.
were recorded. On the DTA curve there are three
Conclusions
temperatures at 120, 360, and 4200C, and one
We have showed that the concentration of
the basic centers on the outer surface is smaller
than on the inner one. In determining the strength
of basic centers on the outer surface of the
desorption of physically adsorbed molecules of
diatomite samples it has been established that
phenol from the surface. It should be noted that
there are several types of strong centers, which are
the critical diameter of phenol (dkr = 6.6 Å) does
actively involved in the process of purification of
not allow it penetrating into the bulk of diatomite.
air and liquids from phenol. The method of
Adsorption occurs only on its outer surface. The
regeneration of used adsorbents from phenol has
appearance of endothermic effect on DTA with
been developed. These sorbents are encouraged to
temperature maximum at 120, 360, 4200C is
use at the cleaning of the flow of air and waste
indicative of the existence of the surface low,
medium and strong basic centers differing from
each other on energy. Exothermic effect at 4600C
References
characterizes the oxidation of phenol molecules
1. Annagiev MH Adsorbents based on natural
on the outer surface of the sorbent. The minimum
zeolite in the adsorption of various gases and
on the DTA curve at 1800C shows that there is a
change in the speed of desorption of phenol from
2. Annagiev M.Kh., Alieva S.G., Kuliev T.N.
Purification of the waste liquid hydrocarbons
using cation exchanged forms of clinoptilolite / /
Absheron field after the adsorption of phenol
Stnd. surf. sci. catal., 2001; 135: 5170-5186.
molecules are presented in figure 2. One
3. Ya.A. Karelin, IA Popova, Yevseyeva LA
endothermic effect at 1400C and one exothermic
Waste water refineries. M. Stroy ¬ izdat 1982.
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PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FROM THE PHENOL